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<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25877">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Lort, Jr., John]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[John Lort was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1773, the same year as his partnership with Thomas Nevell. The partners were paid 47 pounds 13 shillings 10 pence for work performed at Carpenters' Hall that was then under construction. Lort is also known to have been one of several carpenters who worked on the Library Company building in 1790. His inventory included drawing instruments and a "Lot of Architect Books" valued at 2 pounds 12 shillings and 6 pence. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/96344">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25876">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Govett, Jr., Joseph]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Joseph Govett was a master builder proposed for membership in The Carpenters' Company several times (1765, 1771, 1772) but was blocked from admission until 1772 because of his membership in the Journeymen Carpenters' Company. He was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. When the Library Company erected its hall on Fifth Street (designed by William Thornton) in 1789-1790, Govett received two shares in the library for contributed services. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/37649">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25875">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Evans, Joseph]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Joseph Evans was a master builder from Dock Ward nominated to the Friendship Carpenters Company by Robert Evans and elected to membership in 1772. <br /><br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/25856">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25874">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Keen, John]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[ohn Keen, eldest son of Matthias and Mary (Swift) Keen, was born in Philadelphia and apprenticed to Robert Smith. He became a member of The Carpenters' Company in 1772 and rapidly joined the inner circle of master builders; he served The Company as a committee member or officer from the time of his election as Warden in 1776 to 1785. In 1801 he became Vice-President of The Company. Nothing is known of Keen's architectural work, but he was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan, The British Architect (printed by R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. According to a nineteenth-century biographical sketch published in the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography by Gregory B. Keen, John Keen "sided with the Colonies in the War of the Revolution, and fought in Captain Richard Humphreys's Company, in General Cadwalader's Division of Pennsylvania Militia, at the battle of Princeton, where he was slightly wounded by a fence-rail splintered by a cannon ball, while giving some information about the enemy to General Washington." <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/25029">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25873">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Zantzinger, Adam]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Although trained to the craft of house carpentry, Adam Zantzinger spent most of his life as a merchant. He was elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1772 and signed the Articles the following year, even though he was advertising his ironmongery store at the southwest corner of Market and 4th Streets that same year. He maintained his association with The Carpenters' Company, however, until he was removed from the rolls for non-payment dues in 1798. He died the following year. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/112578">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25872">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Procter, Thomas]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Thomas Procter was an Irish-born master builder who, wishing to improve his understanding of the "art of architecture," studied with Thomas Nevell in 1771. The following year he was elected to membership in The Carpenters' Company, the same year (1772) he erected the City Tavern on Second Street above Walnut (reconstructed by Independence National Historical Park). From 1771 through 1773 he is recorded as having taken on four apprentices: James Magill (1771), James Smith (1772), John Adams (1772), William Crook (1773); he was also an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. On the eve of the Revolution he served as Warden of The Carpenters' Company (1774-1775). At the outbreak of fighting, Procter applied to the Council of Safety for appointment as Captain of an artillery company which was stationed at Fort Island in the Delaware River. His artillery served at the battles of Trenton, Brandywine, and Germantown. In 1779 he was commissioned by Congress as a Colonel of Artillery in the Army of the United States and served with General Sullivan on his expedition against the Six Nations in New York. In 1781 he resigned his commission, briefly resuming his military career late the next year. During the Whiskey Insurrection Procter served as a Brigadier General and in 1796 he was appointed a "Major General of the militia composed of the city and county of Philadelphia." From October 20, 1783, until October 14, 1785, Procter was Sheriff of the County of Philadelphia, and in 1790 he was elected City Lieutenant by the Supreme Executive Council. <br /><br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/102935">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25871">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Thomas, Moses]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<span>The master builder Moses Thomas was married in Burlington, New Jersey, in 1742. The date of his arrival in Philadelphia is unknown, as is the date of his election to The Carpenters' Company; he appears to have signed the articles of The Company c1772. He was a resident of the Mulberry Ward of Philadelphia at the time of both the 1769 and 1774 taxes. During the Revolution, Thomas disappeared from the Warden's official list of Carpenters' Company members. On April 15, 1775, Thomas was warranted three hundred acres of land in Northampton County, PA; this may explain his disappearance from Philadelphia. Company records give his death date as 1780, although this has not been confirmed.</span>
<p><i>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/117500">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</i></p>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25870">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Allen, John]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[John Allen was a Master Builder proposed for membership in The Carpenters' Company by Thomas Nevell, and Abraham Carlile. He was elected on April 15, 1771, but died without taking part in any recorded activities of The Company. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/93452">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25869">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Caruthers, Samuel]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Samuel Caruthers was a house carpenter elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1771, although he never signed the articles and there is no record of his attending meetings. He is primarily of interest as a manufacturer and dealer in hand tools for the building trades from his Third Street shop at the "Sign of the Carpenter's Plane and Hand Saw."<br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss and Sandra L. Tatman, from the <a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/22818">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25867">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Mitchell, Benjamin]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Benjamin Mitchell was a master builder who joined the Friendship Carpenters' Company in 1770; and when that company merged with The Carpenters' Company in 1786, he signed the articles. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/99825">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25866">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Wallis, Samuel]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The master builder Samuel Wallis signed the Articles of The Carpenters' Company on 16 July 1770. Never regular in his attendance at Company meetings, he may have been out of Pennsylvania much of the time. (There was a Samuel Wallis in Harford County, Maryland, in 1790.) According to Company records, Wallis died in 1798 at the age of fifty eight years. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/21623">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25865">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Jervis, Samuel]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Samuel Jervis was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1770. He was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. Following the Revolution, Jervis was not active in The Company. According to the 1774 tax lists, Jervis lived in the Middle Ward. In 1785, he lived on Second street between Market and Chestnut.<br /><br />biography from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/96598">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss and Thomas Stokes.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25864">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Edge, Andrew]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Andrew Edge was a master builder who erected several speculative houses on Fifth and Sixth Streets in the 1760s and 1770s. On the recommendation of Benjamin Loxley, he was elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1770 but rarely attended meetings. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/24079">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25863">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Boyer, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William Boyer was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1770. He was an "encourager" to the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (Philadelphia: R. Ball for J. Norman, 1775). Boyer was listed in the Mulberry Ward in 1769 and 1774.<br /><br />biography from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/24068">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss and Thomas Stokes.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25862">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Middleton, Thomas]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Thomas Middleton was a master builder believed to have come to Philadelphia in 1762 from Monmouth County, New Jersey. He signed the articles of The Carpenters' Company in 1770 and died the following year. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/26902">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25861">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Jones, Abraham]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Abraham Jones was a successful master builder from Southwark elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1770, and brother of Isaac Jones. He was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/96624">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25860">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Colladay, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William Colladay was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1769, serving as a member of various committees throughout the l770s. One of several master builders who were active in civic affairs in the last quarter of the eighteenth century, Colladay served as an Overseer of the Poor, and assessor for Philadelphia, and in 1774 a Regulator of Party Walls, Buildings, and Partition Fences. He was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. Following the Revolution, Colladay continued to serve in various semi-official positions. In 1784 he was appointed to "view &amp; value" (measure) the carpenters' work on the Triumphal Arch and in 1790 he helped to select "a suitable Lot and to prepare Materials for building a House thereon for the Accomodation of the President of the United States, and to prepare and report a Plan and Estimate thereof." That same year, together with Joseph Rakestraw, he made extensive repairs to the State House (Independence Hall). The only other structure with which he can firmly be associated is the Zion Lutheran Church at 4th and Cherry Streets on which he worked in 1794.<br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/23017">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25859">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Evans, David]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[David Evans is unfortunately a common eighteenth-century Philadelphia name; the lives of three house carpenters and one cabinetmaker overlap, making it difficult to separate documentary references. Nonetheless, two master builders have been identified. David Evans, Sr. was the son of Evan and Elizabeth (Musgrave) Evans. Apprenticed to a carpenter, he married Letitia Thomas in 1755, shortly after becoming free of his articles. By 1761 he was living on Pear (now Chancellor) Street and donated a lot of ground next to his home for the erection of the Union Library Company's building that he may also have designed and built. Evans (or his cousin of the same name who died in 1783) was a member of Benjamin Franklin's Library Company to which he presented a set of Abraham Swan's Collection of Designs in Architecture (London, 1757) in 1764, and a few years later he was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Swan's The British Architect (1774), the first book on architecture published in America. In 1769 he became a member of both The Carpenters' Company and the American Philosophical Society, although he resigned from the latter in 1770 and was never too regular in his attendance at meetings of the former. In 1770 Evans worked with Thomas Nevell on the Second Street house of John Cadwalader, and the next year served as "superintendent" for John Dickinson's "Fairhill" in Germantown and his town house on Chestnut Street; he continued to provide building services for Dickinson over the next thirty years. Following the Revolution, Evans and his son, David Evans, Jr., worked together to complete the Pennsylvania Hospital. The elder Evans offered a design for Library Hall in 1789, but William Thornton won the commission. That same year Evans became a Common Councilman, a position he held until 1791, and was appointed to a committee to prepare a plan and estimate for the new city hall. Payments made to Evans in 1792-93 have generally been taken as proof that he designed and supervised contruction of the structure now known as the Supreme Court Building on Independence Square. From 1794 through 1809 he was a director of the Philadelphia Contributionship. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/90639">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25858">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Shoemaker, Thomas]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Thomas Shoemaker was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company on 1 February 1769, the same year he appears in the Philadelphia tax lists as a resident of the North Ward. He was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan, The British Architect (1775), the first book of architecture published in America, and the following year he is recorded as taking the inventory of plumber Eden Haydock's estate. For the last twenty years of his life, Shoemaker served on committees or as an officer of The Carpenters' Company (Master, President, and Treasurer). By the time of his death he was clearly a person of means with extensive real estate holdings. <br /><br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the <a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/24170">Philadelphia Architects and Builders </a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25857">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Reary, Jacob]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The master builder Jacob Reary was elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to the date of earliest surviving records of the 1760s. At The Company meeting of April 15, 1771, Thomas Nevell reported that Reary "Stood in Need of Some Assistance After Consideration his Case this Meeting Agreed to Grant him An Order on the Master for 20/ Shillings...." Company records mark him as deceased in 1782. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/100386">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25856">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Graisbury, James]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[James Graisbury was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to 1769, but no Company records prior to the 1760s survive to confirm the date of his memebership. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/22015">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25855">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Robinson, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William Robinson was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to the date of surviving records; first present at a Company meeting in 1766; elected Warden of The Company in 1773 but was "Out of the Province" much of that time. Robinson was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan, The British Architect (1775), the first archtiectural book published in America. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/101902">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25854">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Gridley, Joseph]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Joseph Gridley was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to 1767, but no Company records prior to the 1760s survive to confirm the date of his membership. Inactive in Philadelphia after 1771 and marked as dead in Company records in 1782, he may have moved to Massachusetts.<br /><br />biography from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/22020">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>, a project of&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">the Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Thomas Stokes.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25853">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Lownes, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William Lownes was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to 1768. From 1773 through 1775 he was elected a Philadelphia City Assessor and was probably actively floowing his craft inasmuch as he took several apprentices in the early 1770s. After the Revolution he lived in Bucks County and was excluded from The Company, probably for failure to pay his dues, in 1809. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/97277">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25852">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Powel, Samuel]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The master builder Samuel Powel has commonly been mistaken for the wealthy and socially prominent Mayor of Philadelphia, Samuel Powel (1738-1793), grandson of Samuel Powell. The date of this Powel's election to The Carpenters' Company is unknown; he is first mentioned as present at a meeting on October 23, 1769, and was appointed to committees or elected to offices within The Company in the 1770s. These early references fit the possibility of a birthright membership for the grandson of the Company founder, and it should be kept in mind that Philadelphia Mayor Samuel Rhoads and Speaker Joseph Fox both were members of The Company. However, Louise Hall ("Artificer to Architect in America") discovered that in 1786 Powell was in arrears on his dues and his son William received for him in 1791 repayment of his contribution toward building Carpenters' Hall. In 1808 Powel was in Handcock Town, MD, when he signed a note to borrow $40.00 from The Company. According to Company records, Powel died in 1815. None of these post-Revolution references fit the facts of Mayor Powel's life. Unless later research proves that there were two Samuel Powels who were members of The Carpenters' Company in the eighteenth century, it must be assumed that previous histories of The Company, including those by this author, are incorrect. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/98592">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25851">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Peters, Evan]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Evan Peters was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to the date of the earliest surviving records of the 1760s. He first appears in the Company records early in 1770, the same year he made a pump for The Company's lot. (Making pumps may be been a particular speciality of Peters's. In his inventory was listed "1 pump Shank &amp; 7 Boaring Bitts (best) ...500.0.0 pounds," an unsual item to find in a carpenter's estate.) Peters died in 1779. In 1773, Peters, along with James Nevill, advertised the sale of multiple buildings in Philadelphia. The advertisement also lists James Nevill as having drawings of the buildings. The previous year Peters took an apprentice named John Brotherson for the tenure of two years and six months in order to teach him the pump making business and the rough parts of the business of a house carpenter. Another advertisement from 1768 lists Evan Peters as a contact for the purchase of stones and other milling equipment. It is unclear whether this is the same Evan Peters. In 1769, Peters is listed as having one servant and receiving a tax of 14 pounds and 4 shillings. In 1774 he was assessed for 17 pounds and 4 shillings.<br /><br />Written by Thomas Stokes, from the <a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/96352">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25850">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Pancoast, Joshua]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Joshua Pancoast was a master builder who briefly appears on the rolls of The Carpenters' Company in 1770, after his death at the age of 32 the previous year. The earliest record of him in Philadelphia was the announcement of his intention to marry Hannah Lownes in 1761. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/26479">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25849">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Hitchcock, John]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[John Hitchcock was a master builder who became a member of the Carpenters' Company in the 1760s, although no Company records prior to 1763 survive to confirm the date of his election. He was the illegitimate son of Joseph Hitchcock, who bequeathed him "all my Working Tools and Implements belonging to my Trade." <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/66426">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25848">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Rakestraw, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Master builder William Rakestraw is probably the son of William (d.1736)) and grandson of William (d. 1718), making it difficult to sort early references. As a lad he was apprenticed to the leading master builder James Portues who bequeathed him 40 pounds in 1736. In 1755 Rakestraw charged 6.12.6 pounds for "pulling down" the Second and Market Streets Friends Meeting House. An early member of The Carpenters' Company, he is only recorded as present at the meeting of April 27, 1767. The date of his election is unknown. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/113591">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25847">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Bringhurst, James]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[James Bringhurst was a master builder who subsequently became a successful merchant. He was elected to The Carpenters' Company of Philadelphia before 1768, but no Company records prior to the 1760s survive to give a specific date. Prior to the Revolution Bringhurst served as an officer or committee member of The Company; in later years he was inactive. Elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1774, he was a member of the building committee for Philosophical Hall, erected in the 1780s on what is now Independence Square. At the time of his death Bringhurst was residing in Rhode Island. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/23899">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25846">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Carson, Robert]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Robert Carson was a master builder who became a member of the Carpenters' Company prior to 1770. He is recorded as having built pews for the Third (Old Pine) Presbyterian Church of 1768. During the American Revolution, English soldiers utilized the church as a hospitals and used the pews for firewood. <br /><br />Biography from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/22846#">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website, a project of the <a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Sandra L. Tatman and Thomas Stokes.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25845">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Dillworth, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William Dilworth was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to 1763, but no Company records prior to the l760s survive to confirm the date of his membership. From 1763 through 1765 he was a member of the important Company committee to set the prices for measuring carpentry. In 1754 William Logan paid Dilworth "for Makg. my Back Porch" at Stenton. He was the master builder of St. Paul's Church (1761) and between 1762 and 1765 served as director of the Philadelphia Contributionship. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/22632">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a></em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25844">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[McMullin I, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William McMullin was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company c.1768 (records unclear) and then dropped from the membership rolls in 1770.<br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/102177">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25843">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Craghead, Patrick]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Patrick Craghead was a master builder who became a member of The Carpenters' Company before 1767. He served as a Second Lieutenant in Baldwin's Artillery Artificer Regiment during the Revolution. <br /><br /><em>Written by Sandra L. Tatman, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/22475">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25842">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Irish, Nathaniel]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Nathaniel Irish was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in the early 1760s, although the loss of early Company records make it impossible to confirm the exact date. He was excluded from The Company in 1769. In 1775 he presented a design for an armed galley to the Committee of Safety for use on the Delaware River. From 1777 through 1780 he was a Captain of Flower's Artillery Artificer Regiment. In the late 1780s his Southwark property was sold at Sheriffs' sale and he appears to have moved shortly thereafter to Pittsburgh where he died in 1816. <br /><br />Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/96606">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25841">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Coats Jr., Isaac]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Isaac Coats, Jr., was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company by 1768 although no Company records prior to the 1760s survive to provide a specific date. He was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first book on architecture published in America. In April, 1776, the Committee of Salfety commissioned Coats to erect a powder magazine capable of holding 1000 barrels of powder on the northeast corner of Franklin Square. Although one of the largest contributors toward the construction of Carpenters Hall in 1770, he resigned from The Company in 1783. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/23195">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25840">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Rush, Joseph]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Joseph Rush was a master builder already active in Carpenters' Company affairs by February 15, 1763, when he was elected to the important committee to set the prices used by masters in measuring carpentry work in Philadelphia. On January 20, 1766, he was elected Warden of The Company and on December 14, 1778, he was chosen President. The date of Rush's election to The Company is unknown due to the loss of early records; as early as 1746 he is recorded as having taken one Cornelius Vanostin as an apprentice following the death of his brother Thomas Rush (d. 1745). Joseph Rush was an "encourager" to the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan, The British Architect (R. Bell for J. Norman, 1775), the first architectural book published in America. Following Joseph Rush's death, his widow applied for and received financial assistance from The Carpenters' Company. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/26854">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25839">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Engles, Silas]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Silas Engles was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to 1770, but no Company records prior to the 1760s survive to confirm the date of his membership. From 1779 through 1790 he served as a committeeman or officer of The Company, and in 1786 received payment for several months "Attendance &amp;c on the printing, Engraving, Drawing Designs, Copper plate Printing, and Book Binding &amp;c" for the first Company price book. While a young journeyman carpenter he had worked for early Company member Isaac Zane, Sr.<br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/96335">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25838">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Rakestraw, Joseph]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[oseph was one of the most prominent master builders of the years immediately before and after the Revolution. The son of Joseph and Elizabeth Fox Rakestraw, he had become important in Carpenters' Company affairs by the 1760s, although his date of election is unknown due to the loss of all Company records prior to that time. He served as Warden from 1768 and Assistant from 1774; as senior Assistant, he automatically became President of The Company in 1779. Throughout these years, Rakestraw served on the crucial Committee Regulating the Rules of Measuring which established the prices of most carpentry work in Philadelphia. He was a Director of the Philadelphia Contributionship for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire, 1777-1794, having previously held the contract for supplying and mounting Contributionship fire marks after 1758. In the 1780s, Rakestraw is known to have surveyed and leveled the bed for the canal between the Schuylkill and Delaware Rivers (1785), supplied a weathervane for George Washington's use at Mount Vernon (1787), undertaken extensive repairs at the State House (Independence Hall), 1788-1789, and participated in the construction of Library Hall (1789-1790) and the Presidents' House (1791). He died intestate during the yellow fever epidemic of 1794. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/97609">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25837">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Harper, Josiah]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Josiah Harper was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1763. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/95312">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25836">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Worrell, Ezekiel]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The master builder Ezekiel Worrell became a member of The Carpenters' Company prior to the date of the earliest surviving Company records of the 1760s. He is first noted as present at a meeting of The Company in 1770. On 7 August 1760 Worrell had married Ann King at St. Paul's Church, Philadelphia. In 1775 he was an "encourager" to the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan's The British Architect, the first architectural book printed in America. Following Worrell's death in 1781, his widow petitioned The Carpenters' Company for help in "placing one of her sons Apprentice to a House Carpenter." That son was probably Joseph Worrell. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/23422">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25835">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Wood, George]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The master builder George Wood was a resident of the North Ward of Philadelphia in 1769 (he lived near Isaac Zane, Sr.) and of the Northern Liberties in 1774. There is confusion concerning his election to The Carpenters' Company that suggests two men of the same name, although The Company only claims one and after the Revolution only one George Wood appears in the Philadelphia city directories. A George Wood first appears as present at a meeting of The Carpenters' Company on April 27, 1767. On April 19, 1770, however, George Wood of the Northern Liberties was proposed for membership and elected. From the 1770s on George Wood was a member of committees or an officer. In his will--written 1816, proved 1818--he bequeathed $100.00 "for bilding a church in the District of Southwark in the County of Philadelphia. . . ." <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/23430">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25834">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Mifflin, Benjamin]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Benjamin Mifflin was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company by 1770, although no Company records prior to the 1760s survive to provide a date. He was often absent from Philadelphia, and references to his working in northern Delaware where he became a member of the Duck Creek Monthly Meeting suggest that he may have moved there after the Revolution.<br /><br /><em>Written by Thomas Stokes and Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/26901">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25833">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Potter, James]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[James Potter was a master builder from the Southwark section of the city elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to the date of extant Company records of the 1760s; he is first recorded as present at a meeting in 1769. He was an "encourager" to the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan, The British Architect (1775), the first architectural book published in America. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/26465">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25832">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Armitt, Richard]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Richard Armitt was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company of Philadelphia prior to 1767. He supplied lumber for the decoration of John Cadwalader's town house on Second Street, 1769-1770, and is recorded as taking on Alexander Duguid as an apprentice in 1773. <br /><br /><em>Written by Roger W. Moss, from the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/21426">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>&nbsp;website.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25831">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Lefever, Isaac]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Isaac Lefever was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to 1767. Isaac Lefever begins with an easily traceable history that quickly becomes obscure during the American Revolution. After the Company directed Evan Peters to make a state-of-the-art pump and place it near the Hall, the surrounding neighborhood began to frequently utilize the Company’s water source. In 1774, the Company decided to charge the neighborhood for use of the Company’s pump, according to the Wardens’ minutes, “think it advisable that every family who are able, shall pay at the rate of 6 shillings per year and we further direct Isaac Lefever to collect the same for the benefit of the Company.” Isaac Lefever likely lived near the Hall at this time if he was instructed to collect this small sum from the neighborhood. Later in 1776, the Company decides to “pay a Mrs. Lefever - already working on (at) State Hall - a stipend of 10 pounds per year for teaching at this building.” Although it cannot be proved, this probably was Isaac’s wife. Also, Isaac or a namesake was one of those employed as Door-Keepers and messengers to the First Continental Congress in Carpenters’ Hall in 1774. Isaac was marked dead on the Warden’s list in 1779 which aligns him with an Isaac Lefever of Hereford, Berks County, whose will was proved the same year.<br /><br /><em>Biography from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm?ArchitectId=A0820">Philadelphia Architects and Buildings</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss and Thomas Stokes.</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25830">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Plim, Jr., George]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[George Plim (Plym) was an early member of The Carpenters' Company who first appears in the extant records on April 19, 1770, where it is recorded that "haveing some ago desired to have his name discontinued as a Member, now Attended the Compy mett, &amp; requested that he might be reinstated, which being Considered, it was agree'd...." In association with Joseph Govett, Jr. he erected the "frontispiece" and doors of Carpenters' Hall in 1773 under the direction of Thomas Nevell. <br /><br />Biography from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/26445">Philadelphia Architects and Buildings</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25829">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Budd, Levi]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Levi Budd (1726-1790) was a master builder of the Northern Liberties who became a member of The Carpenters' Company prior to 1770. Elected Assistant of The Company, 1780-1782, he was one of the six members "displaying designs in architecture" at the head of the four hundred and fifty "architects and house-carpenters" who marched in the Grand Federal Procession, Philadelphia, July 4, 1788. <br /><br /><em>&nbsp;<br />Biography from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/23025">Philadelphia Architects and Builders</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss.</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25828">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Roberts, William]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[William Roberts was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company prior to the date of the earliest surviving records; he was first present at a Company meeting in 1768. Roberts was an "encourager" of the Philadelphia edition of Abraham Swan, The British Architect (1775), the first book of architecture published in America. During the Revolution he made ammunition boxes, built guard houses, and made various repairs to the State House (Independence Hall); the latter service he continued throughout the war. The resident of the Middle Ward of Philadelphia as early as 1769, he is listed in the Philadelphia directories for 1791-1800 at 163 Chestnut Street, probably the same house "on north side of Chesnut (sic) st near 5 where I now live" mentioned in his will. Roberts marched in the Grand Federal Procession of July 4, 1788, carrying a placard painted to display "designs in architecture." <br /><br /><em>Biography from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/97301">Philadelphia Architects and Buildings</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss.&nbsp;</em>]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://archive.carpentershall.org/items/show/25827">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Wayne, John]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[The master builder John Wayne is traditionally carried on the rolls of The Carpenters' Company as a member elected prior to the earliest surviving Company records of the 1760s. Wayne died in 1765, and letters of administration were issued to Thomas and Samuel Williams and Abraham Wayne. The builder had probably been ill for some time; Isaac Wayne advertised in the Pennsylvania Gazette on 15 March 1764, that monies owed to John Wayne, house carpenter, should be paid to him, Lester Falkner and Nathaniel Richards.<br /><br />&nbsp;Biography from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/ar_display.cfm/103792">Philadelphia Architects and Buildings</a>, a project of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.philaathenaeum.org/">Athenaeum of Philadelphia</a>. Written by Roger W. Moss.]]></dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>
